一、介绍

BUT 超薄AAO模板

超薄AAO（Anodic Aluminum Oxide）模板，或超薄多孔纳米模板，它的孔为双通AAO结构，是单通AAO模板将其阻挡层已去除，它们的厚度仅为几十到几百纳米，广泛应用于纳米点阵列、纳米线阵列等的制备以及衬底表面图案化处理等。超薄AAO模板孔径均一，孔排列短程有序，氧化铝的材质使其在可见光波段是透明的，而且是电绝缘的。相对于其它图形化纳米结构制备手段（如光刻、电子束曝光、聚焦离子刻蚀），超薄AAO模板的独特优势在于可以轻易地获得平方厘米的范围内，低至纳米级的微观结构，相对于电子束光刻、聚焦离子束刻蚀等方法，其成本低廉。

图1. （左上）超薄AAO模板产品结构示意图；（右下）一个超薄AAO模板断面的SEM图

图2. PMMA/AAO复合膜结构示意图

图3. 一片大面积的PMMA/AAO薄膜

图4. 一个典型的AAO超薄膜产品照片

图5. 超薄AAO模板实物图以及产品放置示意图

超薄AAO模板的一个缺点就是操作困难（不像单通多孔纳米模板有铝基支撑），这是因为AAO厚度小于1微米时不能自支撑，如图1所示，而且非常脆弱，使用非常不方便。我们将超薄AAO模板表面涂覆一层PMMA作支撑，如图2所示，可以非常方便地取放、裁剪、转移到任意目标衬底之上。 借助于PMMA膜，可以获得大面积的超薄AAO模板，如图3所示。将大面积膜小心地剪切，可以获得较小面积的超薄AAO模板，实物照片如图4所示。在包装盒内膜的PMMA面为朝下，AAO一面朝上，如图5所示。

二、关于超薄膜的转移

图6. 超薄AAO模板转移原理示意图

超薄AAO模板一般需要转移到目标衬底之上使用，图6给出了带有PMMA支撑层的超薄AAO的一种转移方法的原理。首先将目标基底清洗干净，并进行亲水处理，这样可以使AAO将与基底贴合更加均匀紧密。（注：其实对于硅片，石英片，玻璃片等，只要清洗干净，不进行亲水处理也是可以，只是AAO与基底之间的贴合稍微差一些，没多大影响，）。亲水处理可以采用小功率氧气（或空气）plasma清洗处理，或采用紫外光表面处理机处理。如果没有这些设备，可以使用piranha（食人鱼）溶液处理基底，它可以同时让基底清洁并亲水，但是操作时要注意安全。

然后将PMMA/AAO剪裁成所需形状和大小放置于衬底之上。采用丙酮中即可除去PMMA支撑层，在此过程中，超薄AAO模板将与衬底贴合。除去PMMA之后，由于超薄AAO很脆弱，请勿碰触AAO超薄膜表面，以免AAO破损。转移操作过程中所有容器及操作台面务必事先清洗干净。

关于有机物基底：请确保基底不溶于丙酮，否则会造成转移失败。

关于超薄膜转移服务：

如果您不想自己进行超薄膜的转移，我们也提供超薄膜的转移服务，基底由客户提供。寄基底时，请附上一张基底的说明，包括基底的材料、形态、处理注意事项、基底对应的超薄膜型号等。邮寄之前请将基底切割后清洗干净，包装基底要保证我们容易取出，如果基底表面易损伤，可以将它用宽度较窄（如3~5mm）的双面胶固定在包装盒底部，不要用导电碳胶。如果基底比较多充足，可以额外邮寄几片基底以备用。具体的转移收费标准请与我们的客服联系。

转移按基底个数收费，而不是AAO膜的个数，比如一片AAO剪成2片，转移到2个基底上，则视为2次转移操作，因为无论膜大小，转移所耗费的时间基本相同。对于孔间距450nm的超薄膜，基底必须是抛光基底，或者玻璃基底，也就是说表面必须平整光亮，非抛光基底我们是不提供转移服务的。基底尺寸，圆形的必须小于等于1英寸，方形的必须小于等于20*20mm，比这个大的基底我们是不提供转移服务的。除了一般的硅片，其它基底有客户提供，寄基底是可多寄几片备用。

注：当PMMA/AAO浸泡在丙酮中时，PMMA的消失有两种方式，一种是很快破碎后从AAO上脱落，另一种是不破碎，而是慢慢溶解，这两种情况都有可能遇到，无法预测。所以，看到膜放进丙酮后破裂脱落，不用担心，那是PMMA膜破碎，不是AAO膜，用手电在旁边照射，仔细观察，可以清楚地看到AAO膜。

由于转移到基底表面的超薄膜表面不能触碰，因此我们在转移好之后包装时一般用双面胶将基底固定与包装盒底部。取出时要小心，用镊子在基底边缘轻轻撬动以使基底与双面胶脱离，如果仍不易撬起，可以在基底边缘滴加少许乙醇以使双面胶暂时失去粘性，轻轻拨动或撬动即可轻易取出基底。

温馨提示：厚度小于200nm的超薄AAO模板很脆弱，在转移使用的时候比较容易出现破裂现象，所以当选择厚度小于200nm的超薄AAO模板时，一定要慎重，例如转移面积为15mm*15mm的大小，局部微小破损属于正常现象。另外在转移使用过程中，最好将膜剪成更小的小片使用，比如5*5mm，膜面积越小，膜的破裂可能性以及破裂程度会越小。

注：如果将PMMA面贴于基底，待PMMA除去后，AAO的正面与基底接触，由于AAO正面孔与孔之间大部分是凸起结构，所以此时AAO与基底的接触面就比较小，与基底的结合变弱，预计AAO在后期可能更加容易用胶带粘掉。

关于小尺寸转移方法：

如果您的基底很小，比如小于10*10mm，比如是5*10mm，就可以采用“捞”的方法。

首先，把盛有丙酮的玻璃烧杯或结晶皿（结晶皿比较好，口比较大）放在通风橱里，一般用的结晶皿直径60mm，深度三四厘米，深度较浅方便操作。通风橱桌面要擦干净，桌面是黑色的，然后找一个LED手电筒，聚焦的那种，不要使用手机的照明，手机照明没有光束。手电筒不需要很高级，聚焦也不需要很好，有个光束就行，从侧面照射装有干净的丙酮的干净的玻璃结晶皿，用烧杯的话因为太深了，不好操作，玻璃结晶皿口大，有比较浅，不会挡住镊子，从侧面照射装有干净的丙酮的干净的玻璃结晶皿，然后干净的黑色桌面作为背景，通风橱风机要开着（丙酮伤身体，不要吸入丙酮），通风橱的灯关掉，手电筒侧面照射打开手电筒，这样仪器就准备就绪了。

比如您的基底是7*7mm，您可以将PMMA/AAO用干净的剪刀裁剪，剪出一片7*9mm的PMMA/AAO，注意，PMMA/AAO要比基底略大，因为后面在捞的时候会有一部分AAO搭在边上绕到基底侧面或/和背面，当然也可以是7*10mm，8*10mm，使AAO在一个维度上大于基底的最小边长。剪好PMMA/AAO后，把它放在丙酮里，注意，放的时候AAO那一面向上，PMMA那一面朝下，就跟包装盒里的放置方法相同。放进丙酮里之后，PMMA/AAO膜会沉到容器底部。手电筒在旁边照着，可以清晰地看到PMMA/AAO片，调节光束的位置，让观察更加清楚方便 。过几分钟后AAO与PMMA就会部分分离了。此时轻轻转动容器，或者轻轻晃动容器，或者用镊子夹着基底轻轻搅动容器里的丙酮，目的是让AAO上部的丙酮形成一定的流动。

您可以放入PMMA/AAO之后先不动丙酮，先让丙酮静态溶解一下PMMA，过几分钟后再晃动。AAO与PMMA分离是逐步的，先从边缘分离，晃动的时候流动的丙酮会带起一部分脱离的AAO，手电筒在旁边照着，可以看到AAO部分起来了。有一部分AAO立起来了。几分钟到十几分钟后，AAO就完全与PMMA分离。分离后AAO会随着丙酮的流动在丙酮中悬浮游动，手电筒在旁边照着，是可以观察到AAO的，很柔软。用尖嘴镊子夹着基片，手电筒在旁边照着，通风橱灯光保持关闭（环境要暗一些），用捏着基底的镊子轻轻搅动丙酮，找到看到悬浮游动的AAO膜。

捞的时候，基底略微倾斜，用基底的一个边（倾斜后最上面的那个水平边）去“挑”AAO膜的一个边缘。“挑”是用一条线去挑一个面，这条线就是基底的一个侧边，面就是AAO膜，也就是说让AAO“搭”在基底上。错误的操作方法是水平放置基底，试图把AAO平着端起来，因为平着端的话，AAO在基底接近液面的时候，由于丙酮的流动，就会从基底上滑落。而如果是用基底一个边去“挑”或者 “抓”AAO的一个头的话，就能把它抓住。基底保持倾斜，被抓住一边的AAO其余部分就会在基底提离丙酮液面的时候，铺在基底表面。在操作的时候可以仔细体会。千万不要试图用比AAO面积大的基底去平端AAO膜试图让AAO膜位于基底中心。捞出来之后，要等丙酮挥发干，然后将基底再放入第二杯干净的丙酮里泡着。这个时候AAO和基底就不会脱离了。然后，泡十分钟（时间可以调节）后，拿出来晾干，再放在第三杯干净的丙酮里泡着。泡一段时间后拿出来晾干，即可。

提示：将AAO转移到基底上后，不要放入水或者水溶液中，否则可能脱落。 超薄AAO模板不可以用超声清洗，否则会完全破碎。

转移到一些基底表面的超薄AAO模板的图片：

图7. 几种典型的超薄AAO模板的SEM图（注意，超薄AAO模板的孔径均匀性和排列有序性相对于单通和双通厚膜来说是比较差的。上面图片是挑选的比较好的区域和样品拍摄的电镜图。超薄AAO的产品质量也有一定的波动，购买前请知悉，以免有心理落差）

图8. 转移至（a）硅片（b）载玻片（c）石英玻璃（d）其它基底表面。（a,d）为孔间距450nm的超薄膜，（b,c）为孔间距100nm的超薄膜。注：(a)图中为孔间距450nm的超薄膜，蓝色外观是由于在侧面有低角度白光照射，在自然光下其颜色为非常淡的蓝色接近白色，如图(d)所示。

图9. 超薄AAO模板的近距离透光性。(a,b) 孔间距较小的AAO，石英片基底；（c）孔间距450nm，普通玻璃基底

图7为几种典型规格的超薄AAO模板的SEM图。图8为转移到一些基底表面的超薄AAO模板的实物照片。可以看到由于AAO很薄，所以透明度很高。孔中心间距65nm、100nm、125nm的超薄AAO模板是无色的，孔中心间距450nm的超薄膜是淡蓝色的（侧面有白光照射）。超薄AAO模板透光性很好，比如孔中心间距65nm、100nm、125nm的超薄AAO，正面看上去用肉眼几乎观察不到。转移到玻璃基底上以后的照片如图9所示。

采用类似方法，可以方便地将超薄AAO转移到Si、蓝宝石、石英玻璃、普通玻璃、SiC、ZnO、GaN、ITO、FTO、STO等基底表面。对于PDMS基底，虽然也能转移上去，但是目前还不能确切知道PDMS是否与丙酮反应而造成基底表面溶解，所以柔性有机物基底转移的话很可能出问题。

沉积金属方法提示：使用超薄AAO膜作为掩模板在基底上制备纳米颗粒，推荐使用电子束蒸镀法，因为其蒸镀方向性好。磁控溅射方向性不好，很难不到纳米颗粒，而且溅射时AAO也容易从基底上卷起来，所以尽量不要使用磁控溅射法，请知悉。

关于物理蒸发：

超薄AAO模板加热到五六百度时可以的，但是如果加热到更高温度，由于膨胀系数等差异，超薄膜可能出现裂纹，所以高温实验需谨慎。

以超薄AAO为掩膜版，可以进行金属或半导体纳米材料的沉积，从而获得纳米材料点阵，如图10所示。所以可以以金属纳米点阵为催化剂生长纳米线阵列，也可以直接刻蚀将在基底表面制备纳米坑阵列。

物理蒸发制备纳米颗粒选取超薄AAO时，一般选取孔直径与膜厚的比例为1:3~1:6 （孔间距450nm的可以到1:1）。AAO膜如果太薄，则膜在操作过程中容易损坏，而且AAO与基底粘附性可能会太强；如果太厚，材料蒸气不易到达基底。采用多孔膜为模板和真空蒸镀法（如电子束沉积，热蒸发）制备纳米颗粒时，随着金属沉积厚度的增加，沉积的膜会使孔会逐渐变小，厚度继续增加最终孔会完全堵住。在沉积时金属膜不要太厚，超薄AAO结构参数、沉积厚度与得到的纳米颗粒的形状的关系，由于沉积原理的限制，制备的纳米颗粒是小于孔径的。

注意：超薄膜在使用如电子束蒸发法制备纳米颗粒时需要衬底法线对着金属蒸发源，也就是说必须使金属原子的飞行方向平行于基底的法线方向，或者说金属原子的飞行方向平行于AAO孔道轴线方向，这样金属蒸汽才能穿过孔道到达基底，这一点非常重要，一定要重视。

望周知：使用超薄AAO膜作为掩模板在基底上制备纳米颗粒，推荐使用电子束蒸镀法，因为其蒸镀方向性好，而不推荐采用例如磁控溅射等方向性不好的方法，请知悉。

蒸镀完金属之后，可以用胶带将AAO粘去，推荐使用聚酰亚胺高温胶带或者3M470电镀胶带（后者效果更好一些）。首先将胶带慢慢贴于样品表面，然后用指肚轻轻按压整个表面，使胶带与AAO充分粘合，然后慢慢撕去胶带即可。注意，蒸镀金属不要太厚，比如孔径几十纳米的AAO，一般蒸镀金属的厚度为二三十纳米就可以，如果太厚了的话AAO比较难以粘下来。孔径两三百纳米的镀膜厚度可以厚一些。

对于孔间距100nm和125nm的超薄AAO模板，当孔径分别达到80nm和90nm以上时，膜由于不均匀性，局部会出现少量微米级孔洞现象，孔径越接近孔间距，孔洞会越大，所以选择孔径接近孔间距的超薄AAO模板是要慎重，当然，这些孔洞所占比例比较小，一般不会对实验产生影响。

注：孔中心间距减去孔直径不小于30nm的，并且膜厚不小于200nm的，比较不易破碎。

温馨提示：AAO模板为自下而上的方法制备，属于自组织结构，因此它的孔径都有一定的分布范围，而不是单一值，特别是孔间距450nm的模板不均匀性略大一些，选择AAO的时候一定要注意。孔的排列为短程有序（微米级），每个有序区域可称为一个“筹”，在筹边界处孔的形状可能大都不是正圆形。超薄膜的孔径分布比双通厚膜以及单通膜宽一些。如果您对多孔膜的孔径均匀程度要求非常非常高，对孔的圆形程度要求非常非常高，那么AAO并不是好的选择，您可以另外选择自上而下的加工方法。

注意：AAO模板采用自下而上的方法制备，因此孔径分布有一定宽度，并不是报价单里所标的单一值，孔间距越大，孔径分散范围越大。而对于超薄AAO薄膜，其分散范围比单通AAO更宽，孔间距100nm，125nm的超薄膜，孔径分散宽度大的可达20nm，对于孔间距450nm的超薄膜，孔径分散范围一般是60nm，偶尔情况，个别的最小最大孔径差可达90nm，报价单里标注的孔径变化范围为主体范围，比如孔径260~310nm，意思是在整个大面积膜不同位置测试后，绝大部分孔径在这个范围，但是偶尔也会有个别区域孔径偏离这个范围，比如个别孔径达到340nm，这是正常现象。在测试AAO模板孔径时，一定要选择不同位置，多个位置测试，全面反映整片AAO孔径大小，而且要拍高倍照片，切忌只测一两个位置，只拍一两张图，只拍低倍照片然后就下结论。以上注意事项在购买前请知悉。AAO模板孔径有一定分布，超薄AAO模板分布范围更宽一些，对孔径要求很精确的用户选用前请谨慎。

对于膜厚小于200nm的超薄AAO，由于它太薄，很脆弱，在转移的时候容易破损和折叠，所以建议将其剪成小片来使用（比如面积为5*7mm），采用捞的方法转移到比较小的基底上。在捞的时候，不要试图用基底将AAO平端起来，一定要基底略微倾斜，用基底的一个边去挑超薄AAO的一个角，让AAO的一个角挂在（或者说扒着）基底的边上，然后将基底慢慢提出液面即可。注意超薄AAO很脆弱，很容易破损和折叠，操作要细心和有耐心。

关于褶皱：超薄AAO转移到基底上之后会有局部褶皱现象，一方面是因为AAO柔软而超薄，就像把一大片自由的保鲜膜贴到一块钢板上，由于保鲜膜没有张紧拉平，所以褶皱很难避免；另一方面是AAO本身某些位置可能会有一些塑性变形，造成褶皱。褶皱位置AAO膜与基底有一定距离，所以属于缺陷位置。购买前请知悉。转移之前可以将基底进行亲水处理，比如硅片、玻璃、蓝宝石、石英等可以用硫酸双氧水混合液（食人鱼溶液）浸泡进行亲水处理，以增加AAO与基底之间的结合力，从而减少褶皱。

超薄AAO转移到基底上之后都是有褶皱的，很难做到完全平整无褶皱，另外，超薄膜转移过程中难免会有部分小的区域折叠或破损，这些属于样品固有缺陷，购买前请知悉，如果您介意，请谨慎购买。

关于超薄AAO的后期去除：超薄AAO在沉积完金属后，或者在干法刻蚀后，一般都是要除去AAO的，所可能遇到的问题是AAO除不掉或者不能完全除掉。我们推荐使用的方法是胶带法：使用棕色的高温胶带或者3M470电镀胶带（相对来说3M470电镀胶带效果更好一些），慢慢贴在AAO表面，用指肚按压使胶带和AAO充分接触，然后慢慢撕去胶带。出现AAO粘不掉的原因很多，其中一个主要原因是金属沉积的太厚了，孔中心间距不大于125nm的超薄膜沉积金属的厚度尽量不要超过25nm，沉积厚度15nm或20nm为宜，孔间距450nm的目前还没出现过这个问题；另外的原因是样品如果经过高温（比如大于400度），AAO与基底之间可能烧结，导致粘不掉；还有一个原因是基底本身，有些基底本身就和AAO粘附性很强，这种情况很难预测，只有真正做的时候才知道，所以对于除了硅片、蓝宝石、玻璃片之外的基底，要考虑到这个问题。不用担心胶带会不会把金属纳米颗粒粘掉，因为胶带是不会碰到金属纳米颗粒的，而且有时甚至直接用胶带多粘几次，第一次露出的纳米颗粒也不会被粘掉，根据实际情况来定。

如果不用胶带粘的方法，可以使用NaOH（5~10wt%，常温，时间为十几分钟到半小时）或磷酸（5~10wt%，40~70度，时间不确定，一般大于一小时），NaOH腐蚀性更强一些，我们不推荐使用溶液法，因为溶液法往往会污染样品，而且，AAO溶解后，AAO表面的金属纳米颗粒或金属膜很可能粘附在样品表面造成二次污染。

如果实在要使用溶液法，建议的操作方式是：将沉积完金属膜的样品反扣在溶液表面，反面向下，让它漂浮着，如果飘不起来，就把样品先贴在泡沫塑料板上，然后再反扣在溶液表面，溶解过程中可以适当摇晃摇晃样品和溶液，这样当AAO被溶解后，表面的金属膜或金属颗粒会往下掉，脱离样品表面而掉落并下沉到容器底部，有时用肉眼可以看到絮状物往下掉，那些就是AAO表面的金属颗粒或者金属膜金属网。溶液法并不是很成熟，需要根据实际情况自行改进。溶液法也可能会存在AAO除不完（有时是金属膜金属颗粒残留粘附于样品表面而造成的假象）的问题，一个可能的原因是金属沉积太厚了，孔间距不大于125nm的超薄膜沉积厚度尽量不要超过30nm；另一个原因可能是如果样品经过高温处理（如大于600度），AAO会发生相变，变成更加耐酸碱腐蚀的相，从而使用NaOH或磷酸也很难除掉。

在实际实验中，其实AAO的除去率也不会达到100%，总会有一些偏离理想情况。AAO如果更厚一些（比如不小于200nm），就更容易除掉一些。总之，在选用超薄AAO制备纳米颗粒或干法刻蚀时，都会可能遇到AAO除不掉或除不完的情况，购买和使用前请知悉。

超薄AAO产品并不像想象中的完美，购买前请知悉，如介意，请谨慎购买：

（1）超薄AAO转移到基底上都存在褶皱，而且无法避免，褶皱区域的AAO和基底之间存在空隙，制备的最终样品在褶皱区域会有缺陷。

（2）由于超薄AAO很脆弱，转移过程中难免存在小的折叠和破损。

（3）超薄AAO孔径相对于单通和双通厚膜来说更加不均匀，也就是说孔径分布在整个样品表面是不均匀的，有的孔大有的孔小。产品介绍里的SEM图以及所制备的纳米颗粒均为样品中挑选的比较好的区域拍摄的，并不是整个表面均完全一致完全均匀。

（4）由于每个客户实验条件不同，因此我们给出的建议也不一定能够达到您的实验目的，实际使用的时候还需要客户根据自己的实际情况来摸索工艺。

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Partial references citing our materials (from Google Scholar)

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二氧化碳还原

1. ACS Nano Strain Relaxation in Metal Alloy Catalysts Steers the Product Selectivity of Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction

The bipolar membrane (Fumasep FBM) in this paper was purchased from SCI Materials Hub, which was used in rechargeable Zn-CO₂ battery tests. The authors reported a strain relaxation strategy to determine lattice strains in bimetal MNi alloys (M = Pd, Ag, and Au) and realized an outstanding CO₂-to-CO Faradaic efficiency of 96.6% with outstanding activity and durability toward a Zn-CO₂ battery.

2. Front. Chem. Boosting Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction on Atomically Dispersed Nickel Catalyst

In this paper, Vulcan XC-72R was purchased from SCI Materials Hub. Vulcan XC 72R carbon is the most common catalyst support used in the anode and cathode electrodes of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC), Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC), Alkaline Fuel Cells (AFC), Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC), Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells (PAFC), and many more!

3. Adv. Mater. Partially Nitrided Ni Nanoclusters Achieve Energy-Efficient Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction to CO at Ultralow Overpotential

An AEM membrane (Sustainion X37-50 Grade RT), purchased from SCI Materials Hub) was activated in 1 M KOH for 24 h, washed with ultra-purity water prior to use.

4. Adv. Funct. Mater. Nanoconfined Molecular Catalysts in Integrated Gas Diffusion Electrodes for High-Current-Density CO₂ Electroreduction

In this paper (Supporting Information), an anion exchanged membrane (Fumasep FAB-PK-130 obtained from SCI Materials Hub (www.scimaterials.cn)) was used to separate the catholyte and anolyte chambers.

SCI Materials Hub: we also recommend our Fumasep FAB-PK-75 for the use in a flow cell.

5. Appl. Catal. B Efficient utilization of nickel single atoms for CO₂ electroreduction by constructing 3D interconnected nitrogen-doped carbon tube network

In this paper, the Nafion 117 membrane was obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

6. Vacuum Modulable Cu(0)/Cu(I)/Cu(II) sites of Cu/C catalysts derived from MOF for highly selective CO₂ electroreduction to hydrocarbons

In this paper, Proton exchange membrane (Nafion 117), Nafion D520, and Toray 060 carbon paper were purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

7. National Science Review Confinement of ionomer for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction via efficient mass transfer pathways

An anion exchange membrane (PiperION-A15-HCO3) was obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

8. Catalysis Communications Facilitating CO2 electroreduction to C2H4 through facile regulating {100} & {111} grain boundary of Cu2O

Carbon paper (TGPH060), membrane solution (Nafion D520), and ionic membrane (Nafion N117) were obtained from Wuhu Eryi Material Technology Co., Ltd.

Note: Wuhu Eryi Material Technology Co. is a company hold by SCI Materials Hub.

9. Advanced Energy Materials Interatomic Electronegativity Offset Dictates Selectivity When Catalyzing the CO2 Reduction Reaction

The bipolar membrane (Fumasep FBM), carbon paper (SIGRACET 29BC, Freudenberg paper H23C2), ion exchange membrane (Nafion N117), and anion exchange membrane (Fumasep, FAA-3-PK-130) were all obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

10. Separation and Purification Technology *CO spillover induced by bimetallic xZnO@yCuO active centers for enhancing C–C coupling over electrochemical CO2 reduction

5 % Nafion solution was obtained through SCI Materials Hub.

11. National Science Review Confinement of ionomer for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction via efficient mass transfer pathways

In this paper, PiperION-A5-HCO3 anion exchange resin, Fumion FAA anion exchange resin, PiperION-A15-HCO3 and FAA-3-50 were purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

12. Vacuum Controllable dual Cu–Cu2O sites derived from CuxAl-LDH for CO2 electroreduction to hydrocarbons

Nafion and carbon paper (TGPH060) were supplied through SCI Materials Hub.

13. Chemical Engineering Journal Coupling electrocatalytic CO2 reduction with glucose oxidation for concurrent production of formate with high efficiency

An AEM membrane (PiperION, purchased from SCI Materials Hub) was activated in 1 M KOH for 24 h, washed with ultra-purity water prior to use.

14. Chem Identification of Cu⁰/Cu⁺/Cu⁰ interface as superior active sites for CO₂ electroreduction to C2+ in neutral condition

In this paper, Sustainion X37-50 Grade RT membrane and the MEA electrolyzer (CRRMEA1a, Figure S34) with 1cm² active area were obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

微信公众号中文报道：Chem：基于热力学驱动的混合策略形成Cu0/Cu+/Cu0界面用于中性条件CO2电还原C2+

15. Surfaces and Interfaces Modulating surface microenvironment based on Ag-adorned CuO flower-liked nanospheres for strengthening C-‍C coupling during CO2RR

5 wt.% of Nafion solution, and N115 proton exchange membrane were procured with the help of SCI Materials Hub

16. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. Nanoporous Bismuth Induced by Surfactant-Modified Dealloying for Efficient Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to Formic Acid

The anion exchange membrane (AEM, PiperION A20) and cation exchange membrane (CEM, Nafion 117) were obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

17. Adv. Energy Mater. Tailoring Microenvironments and In Situ Transformations of Cu Catalysts for Selective and Stable Electrosynthesis of Multicarbon Products

For GDE-based CO₂ electrolysis, the MEA reactor (CRRMEA5a, Sci-Materials Hub) consists of a titanium anode plate and a cathode plate with flow fields, along with insulating gaskets, integrated into a compression cell. The geometric area of each flow field is 5 cm² An anion exchange membrane (PiperION, A40-HCO3, Versogen) was used to separate the anode and the cathode.

18. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering Evaluation of electromethanogenesis in a microbial electrolysis cell using nylon cloth as a separator: reactor performance and metagenomic analysis

A commercial Nafion PEM (SCI Materials Hub) was used as the control to compare the electromethanogenesis performance.

19. Angew pH-Universal Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction with Ampere-level Current Density on Doping-engineered Bismuth Sulfide

CRRMEA1a 1cm2 MEA electrolyzer (Figure 4d) was obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

微信公众号中文报道：安徽师范大学最新Angew！全pH范围内铋基催化剂用于安培级电流密度电催化CO2还原

20. Separation and Purification Technology Coupling regulation of boron doping and morphology in nano-floral CuO using one pot method for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction

Carbon paper (TGPH060), Dupont Nafion solution (D520), and proton exchange membrane (N117) were acquired by SCI Materials Hub.

21. Chemical Engineering Journal Manipulating dual effects of morphology and oxygen vacancies through the incorporation of CuO onto CeO2 nanospheres for electrochemical CO2 reduction

Carbon paper (TGPH060), Dupont Nafion solution (D520), and proton exchange membrane (N117) were acquired by SCI Materials Station Hub (SCI Materials Hub, the same author as Ref. 20).

22. Advanced Materials Universal Formation of Single Atoms from Molten Salt for Facilitating Selective CO2 Reduction

The Nafion D520 dispersion and gas diffusion electrode (GDE, Sigracet, 39BB) were obtained from SCI Materials Hub (www.scimaterials.cn).

23. Science Bulletin Compressive strain in Cu catalysts: Enhancing generation of C2+ products in electrochemical CO2 reduction

CRRMEA1a 1cm2 MEA electrolyzer (Figure 3a) was obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

微信公众号中文报道：Science Bulletin：优化水覆盖度促进安培级电流密度下CO2还原C2+

24. Processes Investigation of a Hydrophobic Sputtered Cu Electrode to Electrocatalyze CO2 Towards a C2+ Product: The Effect of Substrate and Catalyst Thickness

Carbon paper (SGL CARBON, SGL36BB, purchased from SCI Materials Hub)

25. Chemical Engineering Journal In-situ reconstruction of active bismuth for enhanced CO2 electroreduction to formate

Anion-exchange membrane (Fumasep FAA-3–50) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

26. Nature Communications Bromide-mediated membraneless electrosynthesis of ethylene carbonate from CO2 and ethylene

Nafion D520 polymer binder solution (5 wt%) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

27. Ionics Sulfur-modified promoting the electrochemical CO2 reduction into formate performance of BiOI

Carbon black (Vulcan XC- 72, Cabot), teflon-treated carbon paper (TGP-H- 060, Toray), and proton exchange membrane (Nafion- 117) were purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

28. Nature Communications Continuous decoupled redox electrochemical CO2 capture

The anion exchange membrane (FAA-3-PK-75) with a thickness of 75 ± 5 μm was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

电池

1. J. Mater. Chem. A Blocking polysulfides with a Janus Fe3C/N-CNF@RGO electrode via physiochemical confinement and catalytic conversion for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries

Graphene oxide (GO) in this paper was obtained from SCI Materials Hub. The authors introduced a Janus Fe3C/N-CNF@RGO electrode consisting of 1D Fe3C decorated N-doped carbon nanofibers (Fe3C/N-CNFs) side and 2D reduced graphene oxide (RGO) side as the free-standing carrier of Li2S6 catholyte to improve the overall electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries.

2. Joule A high-voltage and stable zinc-air battery enabled by dual-hydrophobic-induced proton shuttle shielding

This paper used more than 10 kinds of materials from SCI Materials Hub and the authors gave detailed properity comparsion.

The commercial IEMs of Fumasep FAB-PK-130 and Nafion N117 were obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

Gas diffusion layers of GDL340 (CeTech) and SGL39BC (Sigracet) and Nafion dispersion (Nafion D520) were obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

Zn foil (100 mm thickness) and Zn powder were obtained from the SCI Materials Hub.

Commercial 20% Pt/C, 40% Pt/C and IrO2 catalysts were also obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

3. Journal of Energy Chemistry Vanadium oxide nanospheres encapsulated in N-doped carbon nanofibers with morphology and defect dual-engineering toward advanced aqueous zinc-ion batteries

In this paper, carbon cloth (W0S1011) was obtained from SCI Materials Hub. The flexible carbon cloth matrix guaranteed the stabilization of the electrode and improved the conductivity of the cathode.

4. Energy Storage Materials Defect-abundant commercializable 3D carbon papers for fabricating composite Li anode with high loading and long life

The 3D carbon paper (TGPH060 raw paper) were purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

5. Nanomaterials A Stable Rechargeable Aqueous Zn–Air Battery Enabled by Heterogeneous MoS2 Cathode Catalysts

Nafion D520 (5 wt%), and carbon paper (GDL340) were received from SCI-Materials-Hub.

6. SSRN An Axially Directed Cobalt-Phthalocyanine Covalent Organic Polymer as High-Efficient Bifunctional Catalyst for Zn-Air Battery

Carbon cloth (W0S1011) and other electrochemical consumables required for air cathode were provided by SCI Materials Hub.

7. SSRN Cr-induced improvement of structural stability of δ-MnO2 optimizes cycling stability of aqueous Zn-ion batteries

The Zn sheet (99.99%) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

8. Nature Communications Atomic-scale regulation of anionic and cationic migration in alkali metal batteries

The lithium metal disk (purity: 99.9%, diameter: 16 mm, thickness: 0.6 mm) was obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

9. Chemical Engineering Journal Zinc-based energy storage with functionalized carbon nanotube/polyaniline nanocomposite cathodes

CNTs were purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

10. ACS Nano Interfacial Chemistry Modulation via Amphoteric Glycine for a Highly Reversible Zinc Anode

Zn foil (>99.99%, 100 μm) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

11. ACS Nano High-Energy and Long-Lived Zn–MnO2 Battery Enabled by a Hydrophobic-Ion-Conducting Membrane

Zn foil (99.9%), carbon paper, and carbon felt were obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

12. Nature Communications Unravelling rechargeable zinc-copper batteries by a chloride shuttle in a biphasic electrolyte

Carbon cloth (CeTech W0S1011), PP membrane (Celgard 2300), Glass fiber (Whatman GF/A), anion exchange membrane (Fumasep FAB-PK-130), and cation exchange membrane (Nafion N-117) were purchased from sci materials hub.

13. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE A dendrite-free and corrosion-suppressive metallic Zn anode regulated by the hybrid aqueous/organic electrolyte

Zn foil (99.9%, 100 μm thickness) was obtained from the SCI Materials Hub.

14. Journal of Alloys and Compounds Cr-induced enhancement of structural stability in δ-MnO2 for aqueous Zn-ion batteries

The Zn sheet (99.99%) and Whatman GF/D paper were available for purchase on on the SCI Materials Hub.

15. Small Multifunctional Umbrella: In Situ Interface Film Forming on the High-Voltage LiCoO2 Cathode by a Tiny Amount of Nanoporous Polymer Additives for High-Energy-Density Li-Ion Batteries

Carbon coating aluminum foils with a thickness of 16 µm were acquired from SCI Materials Hub.

16. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Investigation into electrochemical catalytic properties and electronic structure of Mn doped SrCoO3 perovskite catalysts

KB-EC600JD superconducting carbon black was obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

17. Journal of Alloys and Compounds Inhibiting polysulfide shuttle and enhancing polysulfide redox: Conductive 2D metal-organic framework coated separators for lithium-sulfur batteries

Ketjen black was obtained from SCI Materials Hub

18. Chemical Engineering Journal Regulating N-doped biochar with Fe-Mo heterojunctions as cathode in long-life zinc-air battery

Conductive carbon black (Vulcan XC-72R) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub (Wuhu, Anhui).

19. Nature Portfolio Fast-kinetics and high-compatibility aqueous cadmium-metal battery for next-generation energy storage infrastructures (Under review.)

Cd foil (99.9%), Zn foil (99.9%) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) aqueous dispersion solution were obtained from the supplier of SCI Materials Hub.

All cells were assembled using two-electrode Swagelok-type configurations, supported by SCI Materials Hub.

20. Polymer A biodegradable gel polymer membrane derived from poly-gamma-glutamic acid for high-rate and long-lifespan sodium metal batteries

Celgard 2400 separator (polypropylene (PP), 25 μm) was sourced from SCI Materials Hub.

21. ACS Applied Energy Materials 3D Graphene Nanoflake/Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube/CoAl Layered Double Oxide Composites for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

Carbon-coated aluminum foil was procured from SCI Materials Hub.

22. Chemistry A European Jouranl Regulating the Interfacial Charge Density by Constructing a Novel Zn Anode-Electrolyte Interface for Highly Reversible Zn Anode

Ketjenblack (KB) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub

23. Advanced Functional Materials A Biphasic Membraneless Zinc-Iodine Battery with High Volumetric Capacity

Graphite felt (GF, G650A) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

电解水

1. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Gold as an efficient hydrogen isotope separation catalyst in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis

The cathodic catalysts of Pt/C (20 wt%, 2–3 nm) and Au/C (20 wt%, 4–5 nm) were purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

2. Small Science Silver Compositing Boosts Water Electrolysis Activity and Durability of RuO2 in a Proton-Exchange-Membrane Water Electrolyzer

Two fiber felts (0.35 mm thickness, SCI Materials Hub) were used as the porous transport layers at both the cathode and the anode.

3. Advanced Functional Materials Hierarchical Crystalline/Amorphous Heterostructure MoNi/NiMoOx for Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution with Industry-Level Activity and Stability

Anion-exchange membrane (FAA-3-PK-130) was obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

4. Chemical Engineering Journal Electronic configuration of single ruthenium atom immobilized in urchin-like tungsten trioxide towards hydrazine oxidation-assisted hydrogen evolution under wide pH media

The non-reinforced anion exchange membrane (AEM) of the coupled system was obtained from SCI Materials Hub (Fumasep FAA-3-50).

5. Cell Reports Physical Science Non-layered dysprosium oxysulfide as an electron-withdrawing chainmail for promoting electrocatalytic oxygen evolution

Nickel foam (NF) was offered by SCI Materials Hub (Wuhu, China), and was ultrasonicated in HCl solution, ethanol, and acetone in proper order before being used in electrochemical measurements.

6. Materials Today Catalysis Valence engineering via double exchange interaction in spinel oxides for enhanced oxygen evolution catalysis

Commercial Cu foam was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

7. Advanced Functional Materials Elucidating the Critical Role of Ruthenium Single Atom Sites in Water Dissociation and Dehydrogenation Behaviors for Robust Hydrazine Oxidation-Boosted Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution

The nonreinforced anion exchange membrane (AEM) of the HzOR-assisted OWS system was purchased from SCI Materials Hub (Fumasep FAA-3-50).

8. ACS Omega Boosting Hydrogen Evolution through the Interface Effects of Amorphous NiMoO4–MoO2 and Crystalline Cu

Pt/C (20 wt %) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

9. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science The Dual Active Sites Reconstruction on Gelatin In-Situ Derived 3d Porous N-Doped Carbon for Efficient and Stable Water Splitting

Nafion D521 was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

10. Molecules Interfacial Interaction in NiFe LDH/NiS2/VS2 for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Water Splitting

Carbon cloth (SCI Materials Hub) were employed as substrates for the in-situ formation of VS2 and NiS2/VS2 on its surface via hydrothermal synthesis.

11. Chemical Engineering Journal Mapping hydrogen evolution activity trends of V-based A15 superconducting alloys

Carbon fiber paper (GDS250) was obtained from the SCI materials Hub.

12. Advanced Science A Dual-Cation Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer for Continuous H2 Production from Seawater

The CEMs include GORE-SELECT Gore M788.12 (W. L. Gore & Associates, America) and FUMA Fumasep FKB-PK-130 (FuMa Tech., Co., Ltd., Germany) were provided by SCI Materials Hub.

13. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. Electrolysis of Tertiary Water Effluents - a Pathway to Green Hydrogen

The PEM electrolyzer stack PSC2000 was purchased from the SCI Materials Hub with a maximum hydrogen production capability of 2000 mL/min. The stack had 8 electrolysis cells with a maximum recommended operation current of 36 A and a voltage of 24 V. Its membrane electrode assembly had an effective area of 56 cm2 per layer and a catalyst loading of 4.0 mg/cm2 on Nafion 117 for Ir black as anode and Pt/C as cathode, respectively. The catalysts were deposited on the Nafion membrane to form a catalyst-coated membrane. Titanium bipolar plates were used to construct the electrolyzer. Water is supplied to the anode side of the electrolyzer stack during operation.

14. Adv. Energy Mater. High-Efficiency Iridium-Yttrium Alloy Catalyst for Acidic Water Electrolysis

Carbon paper (Toray TGP-H-060) was purchased from the SCI Materials Hub.

15. Journal of Alloys and Compounds Amorphous/Crystalline Nife Ldh Hierarchical Nanostructure for Large-Current-Density Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation

The commercial NiFe foam (NFF) was offered by SCI Materials Hub.

16. Nanoscale Modulating the electronic structure of VS2 via Ru decoration for efficient pH-universal electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction

W0S1009 Carbon cloth (CC, SCI Materials Hub) were employed as substrate for the in-situ formation of Ru-VS2 and VS2 on its surface via hydrothermal synthesis.

17. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science The dual active sites reconstruction on gelatin in-situ derived 3D porous N-doped carbon for efficient and stable overall water splitting

Nafion D521 was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

18. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids AgCo bimetallic cocatalyst modified g-C3N4 for improving photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Nafion D520 dispersion (5 wt%) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

19. Separation and Purification Technology NiP2 as an efficient non-noble metal cathode catalyst for enhanced hydrogen isotope separation in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis

Ni supported on Vulcan XC-72, obtained from SCI materials Hub.

20. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. Rapid Electrical-Field-Enhanced Corrosion Endows Ni3Fe/NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets with High-Rate Oxygen Evolution Activity

The Ni3Fe substrate obtained directly from a commercial NiFe foam (nominal Ni 70% at. % + Fe 30 at. %, thickness: 2 mm, porosity: 100 PPI, SCI Materials Hub) was cleaned with acetone, ultrapure water, and ethanol successively and was dried with compressed air.

21. eScience Porous PVA skin-covered thin Zirfon-type separator as a new approach boosting high-rate alkaline water electrolysis beyond 1000 hours’ lifespan

The proposed thin V-Zirfon separator samples were evaluated at first by water electrolysis at 60 °C using a two-compartment zero-gap electrolyzer (LSCF Alkaline Water Electrolyzer stack [1 cell], purchased from SCI Materials Hub).

22. ACS Materials Lett. Promoting Nonacid Hydrogen Evolution over Ni4Mo/Cu by D-Band Regulation

Commercial Pt/C (20%) from Wuhu Eryi Material Technology Co., Ltd.

Note: Wuhu Eryi Material Technology Co. is a company hold by SCI Materials Hub.

23. Molecules Interfacial Interaction in NiFe LDH/NiS2/VS2 for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Water Splitting

Carbon cloth (CC, SCI Materials Hub) were employed as substrates for the in-situ formation of VS2 and NiS2/VS2 on its surface via hydrothermal synthesis.

24. Nat. Commun. Flexible tungsten disulfide superstructure engineering for efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution in anion exchange membrane water electrolysers

Commercial IrO2, Pt/C (40 wt%), anion exchange membrane (Sustainion X37-50 Grade 60) and carbon fiber cloth (CFC) were obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

25. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Enhancing performance of anion exchange membrane electrolyzer through modification of carbon paper liquid-gas diffusion layer

The anode is made of Ni–Fe foam (60% Fe + 40% Ni, SCI Materials Hub, China), while the cathode is made of carbon paper electrode. AEM employed is the highly stable PiperION™-A40-HCO3 (with a thickness of 40 μm).

26. Nature Communications Rationally designed Ru catalysts supported on TiN for highly efficient and stable hydrogen evolution in alkaline conditions

Fumasep FAAM-20 anion exchange membrane was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

27. Nature Communications Redox-mediated decoupled seawater direct splitting for H2 production

Nickel foam (Ni Foam, aperture: 110 ppi, area density: 380 ± 20 g cm−2), platinum carbon (Pt/C, 20 wt%), anion exchange membranes (FAA-3-PK-75), graphite felt (thickness: ~2 mm), and commercial alkaline water electrolyzers were purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

28. ACS Applied Materials & Interface Promoting Reaction Kinetics of the Air Cathode for Neutral Zinc–Air Batteries by the Photothermal Effect

Carbon paper (SGL Carbon Sigracet 22BB) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

29. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Efficient and stable formaldehyde-polyoxometalate battery for dual-decoupled hydrogen production

Firstly, the surface of the Cu foam (1 × 1 cm2, Sci Materials Hub Co.) was oxidized into Cu(OH)2 nanowires (denoted as sample Cu(OH)2 NWs/Cu foam) by (NH4)2S2O8 (0.13 M) in 2.67 M NaOH aqueous solution for 30 min at room temperature.

30. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Controlled deposition of trimetallic Fe–Ni–V oxides on nickel foam as high-performance electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction

Nickel foam (95–98% porosity, 40 pores/cm), manufactured by SCI Materials Hub, was employed for catalyst fabrication.

31. Journal of Alloys and Compounds Cobalt-doping mediated low-valence Rh centers in rhodium sulfide superconductor for improved electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Carbon fiber paper (Spectracarb 2050 A, thickness of 10μm, density of 0.50 g cm−3) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

32. J. Mater. Chem. A Promoted surface reconstruction of amorphous nickel boride electrocatalysts by boron dissolution for boosting oxygen evolution reaction

The ink was also sprayed onto a 1.5 mm-thick Ni foam substrate (SCI Materials Hub, China).

33. Advanced Energy Materials Surface Reconstruction Activates Non-Noble Metal Cathode for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer

34. J. Mater. Chem. A Multimetallic layered double hydroxides as efficient and durable oxygen evolution catalysts for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis at high current densities

35. Nano Research Hierarchical NiFe LDH/N-doped Co/nickel foam as highly active oxygen evolution reaction electrode for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis

Commercial PtRu/C and RuO2 were purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

36. J. Mater. Chem. A Ga doping Enhances Oxygen Evolution Reaction Performance and stability of NiFe layered double hydroxides

Nickel Foam (NF) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub (99.9%,bore diameter 200-250um, thickness 0.3mm).

37. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Optimizing CoFe2O4 coatings on nickel foam via Aerosol-Assisted CVD for superior electrochemical oxygen evolution Catalysis

To fabricate the catalyst, we used nickel foam (95–98 % porosity, with 40 pores/cm) produced by SCI Materials Hub

燃料电池

1. Polymer Sub-two-micron ultrathin proton exchange membrane with reinforced mechanical strength

Gas diffusion electrode (60% Pt/C, Carbon paper) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

2. Polymer Development of rigid side-chain poly(ether sulfone)s based anion exchange membrane with multiple annular quaternary ammonium ion groups for fuel cells

Fumion FAA-3-solut-10 was obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

3. Journal of Power Sources Boosting the power density of the H3PO4/polybenzimidazole high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell to >1.2 W cm^-2 via the deposition of acid-based polymer layers on the catalyst layers

PBI resin (molecular weight: 60000, SCI Materials Hub), carbon paper 39BB (SGL Carbon), 70 wt% Pt/C (TANAKA) were obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

4. SSRN Bulky and Rigid Spiro-Adamantane-Fluorene Unit Promoted Microphase Separation in Di-Cation Side Chain Grafted Anion Exchange Membrane

Fumasep FAA-3-20 was obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

5. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. Vanadium-Mediated High Areal Capacity Zinc–Manganese Redox Flow Battery

Zinc plate (thickness 1 mm), copper foam (thickness 1.5 mm), and Ketjenblack (KB) EC-600JD were procured from SCI materials hub.

6. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. Investigation of Pd2B- and NiB-Doped Pd–Ni/C Electrocatalysts with High Activity for Methanol Oxidation

Nafion solution (5 wt %, DuPont) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

7. Chemical Engineering Journal Loosened Hydrophobic Microphase to Facilitate Ion Channel Formation in Anion Exchange Membrane for Fuel Cell Applications

Fumasep FAA-3-20 was obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

8. Energy Conversion and Management: X Amplified impact of contact uniformity on the performance of low-catalyst-loading fuel cells

Commercial Pt/C (weight ratio of Pt, 5 %), commercial Pt/C (weight ratio of Pt, 10 %), carbon black (Ketjenblack EC-300 J), the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) reinforced proton exchange membranes (PEM) (manufactured by GORE), and GDL were purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

9. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering Lignin-Derived Sustainable Cationic Polymers for Efficient High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Poly-2,2′-(m-phenylene)-5,5′-bibenzimidazole (PBI, Figure 1a) [(MW)RU ∼ 308 g/mol, Mw ∼ 60,000 g/mol, Tg ∼ 427 °C] was purchased from SCI Materials Hub (China).

10. Journal of Energy StorageAnion-type solvation structure enables stable zinc‑iodine flow batteries

The Nafion 115 produced by Dupont was purchased from SCI Materials Hub and pretreated by the standard acid boiling procedure.

催化-ORR

1. J. Chem. Eng. Superior Efficiency Hydrogen Peroxide Production in Acidic Media through Epoxy Group Adjacent to Co-O/C Active Centers on Carbon Black

In this paper, Vulcan XC 72 carbon black, ion membrane (Nafion N115, 127 μL), Nafion solution (Nafion D520, 5 wt%), and carbon paper (AvCarb GDS 2230 and Spectracarb 2050A-1050) were purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

2. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science Gaining insight into the impact of electronic property and interface electrostatic field on ORR kinetics in alloy engineering via theoretical prognostication and experimental validation

The 20 wt% Pt3M (M = Cr, Co, Cu, Pd, Sn, and Ir) were purchased from SCI Materials Hub. This work places emphasis on the kinetics of the ORR concerning Pt3M (M = Cr, Co, Cu, Pd, Sn, and Ir) catalysts, and integrates theoretical prognostication and experimental validation to illuminate the fundamental principles of alloy engineering.

3. Catalysis Solution-Phase Synthesis of Co-N-C Catalysts Using Alkali Metals-Induced N-C Templates with Metal Vacancy-Nx sites

In this paper, PtRu-C (60 % PtRu (3.5nm) on High Surface Area Carbon, Pt:Ru = 1:1, SCI Materials Hub), an alkaline dispersion (PiperION-A5-HCO3-EtOH, 5 wt.%, SCI Materials Hub), anion exchange membrane (PiperION-A type-HCO3, SCI Materials Hub) were used as received.

4. Green Chemistry Low Cell Voltage Electrosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide

The proton exchange membranes (Nafion-117, 211, and 212) were from SCI Materials Hub. They were pre-treated by 5 v/v% H₂O₂ solution for 1 h at 80°C and then treated by 10 v/v% H2SO4 aqueous solution for 1 h at 80°C before assembling to flow cell reactor.

5. Chemosphere Sustainable H2O2 production in a floating dual-cathode electro-Fenton system for efficient decontamination of organic pollutants

Ketogen black (EC-600JD) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

6. Journal of Materials Science Carbon dot intercalated MXene with an excellent oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalytic performance

Nafion (5 wt%) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub (Nafion D520).

7. Nature Commuinications Precisely designing asymmetrical selenium-based dual-atom sites for efficient oxygen reduction

Vulcan XC-72R carbon black (CAS No.: 1333-86-4, SCI Materials Hub).

电容器

1. Journal of Energy Storage Unraveling the detrimental crosstalk between cathode and anode in the aqueous asymmetric capacitor of activated carbon /copper oxide

In this paper, Fumasep FAA-3-50 anion exchange membrane (Thickness 50 μm, surface resistance 0.6–1.5 Ω cm−2, transference number 92–96 %) was bought from SCI Materials Hub.

2. Composites Science and Technology High modulus carbon fiber based composite structural supercapacitors towards reducing internal resistance and improving multifunctional performance

The aluminium tape (Wuhu Eryi Materials Co. LTD) were used as the current collectors.

Note: Wuhu Eryi Material Technology Co. is a company hold by SCI Materials Hub.

3. Polymer One-pot synthesis of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-based gel polymer electrolytes for high-performance supercapacitors

Carbon cloth (CeTech W0S1011) was sourced from SCI Materials Hub.

4. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Green Polymer Derived Multifunctional Layer Achieving Oriented Diffusion and Controllable Deposition of Zn2+ for Ultra-Durable Zinc-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors

Zn foil (99.99%) and Copper foil (99.99%) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

催化加氢

1. Nature Communications Electrosynthesis of polymer-grade ethylene via acetylene semihydrogenation over undercoordinated Cu nanodots

In this paper, activated carbon (Vulcan XC-72) was obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

2. Applied Catalysis B: Environment and Energy Spatial-confined effect of CuOx microneedles bundles on TiO2 nanotubes: Reinforcing the adsorption and enrichment of ultralow concentration nitrate for efficient NH3 electrosynthesis

Ion membrane (Nafion N115, 127 μL) was purchased form Sci Materials Hub.

3. Nature Communications Electrosynthesis of NH3 from NO with ampere-level current density in a pressurized electrolyzer

The anion exchange membrane (Fumasep FAB-PK-130, 130 μm) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

4. Sustainable Energy Fuels Dibenzyl ether-guided microstructural regulation of PtIrZn catalysts for ammonia electrocatalysis

水处理

1. Water Research Electro-peroxone with solid polymer electrolytes: A novel system for degradation of plasticizers in natural effluents

In this paper, Nafion® N324 (SCI Materials Hub), between a 15 cm2 (3 cm × 5 cm) graphite plate anode and a graphite felt cathode (EP-SPE system)

表征

1. Chemical Engineering Journal Electrochemical reconstitution of Prussian blue analogue for coupling furfural electro-oxidation with photo-assisted hydrogen evolution reaction

An Au nanoparticle film was deposited on the total reflecting plane of a single reflection ATR crystal (SCI Materials Hub, Wuhu, China) via sputter coater.

理论计算

1. Sustainable Energy & Fuels A desulfurization fuel cell with alkali and sulfuric acid byproducts: a prototype and a model

A Fumasep®FKD-PK-75 membrane was used as the cation exchange membrane, in which the the oxygen permeability of membrane was about 1 cm³(STP)/(s cm² cm Hg) [Ref. SCI Materials Hub]

器件

1. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics Preparation and application of electrical conductive composites with skin temperature-triggered attachable and on-demand detachable adhesion

Carbon black (CB, Ketjenblack EC 600JD) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

2. Conducting Polymer Composites Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor for Lead Ion Based on Bi-Mof/Conducting Polymer Composites

Nafion D520 Dispersion (Alcohol based 1000 EW at 5wt%) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

材料合成

1. Acta Materialia In situ epitaxial thickening of wafer-scale, highly oriented nanotwinned Ag on tailored polycrystalline Cu substrates

Single-crystal Cu (1 cm × 1 cm) substrates with a (111) orientation were purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

2. Journal of The Electrochemical Society One-Pot Electrodeposition of a PANI:PSS/MWCNT Nanocomposite on Carbon Paper for Scalable Determination of Ascorbic Acid

Raw carbon paper was purchased from SCI Materials Hub

催化降解

1. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering Conversion of CoNiFe-LDH to CoNiFe-MOF/LDH as catalyst for efficient heterogeneous electro-Fenton degradation of sulfonamide antibiotics

The hydrophobic microporous laminated carbon paper (HML-CP) (2 cm × 2.5 cm) was chosen as a cathode and fabricated by Wuhu Eryi Material Technology Co. (Anhui, China).

Note: Wuhu Eryi Material Technology Co. is a company hold by SCI Materials Hub.

催化电解

1. Chemical Engineering Journal Modulation of energy barrier of reaction steps over S-doped Ni(OH)2/Cu composites to achieve high-performance urea electrolysis catalysts

Commercial Pt/C (20 wt%) was purchased from Wuhu Eryi Material Technology Co., LTD.

Note: Wuhu Eryi Material Technology Co. is a company hold by SCI Materials Hub.

2. Chemical Engineering Journal Efficient Catalysis for Acidic Methanol Oxidation: Exploration of a Low-Platinum Quaternary Alloy Catalyst Via a Two-Step Method

Nafion (5%) was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

环 境

1. Journal of Materials Research and TechnologyTribocorrosion performance of TC4 anodized/carbon fiber composite in marine environment

Carbon fiber cloth WOS1011H(M) purchased from Wuhu Eryi Materials Technology Co.

Note: Wuhu Eryi Material Technology Co. is a company hold by SCI Materials Hub.

2. Adv. Funct. Mater. Modulating NFO@N-MWCNTs/CC Interfaces to Construct Multilevel Synergistic Sites (Ni/Fe-O-N-C) for Multi-Heavy Metal Ions Sensing

Carbon cloth (W0S1011) was acquired from SCI Materials Hub (www.scimaterials.cn).

热 电

1. Chemical Engineering Journal High power density charging-free thermally regenerative electrochemical flow cycle for low-temperature thermoelectric conversion

The heat exchangers are composed of 20 μm thick titanium foil (SCI Materials Hub), 1 mm thick rubber gasket and 2 cm thick organic glass from the inside to the outside.

其 它

1. Ceramics International Superhydrophobic carbon fiber composite coatings based on TC4 titanium alloy for improving corrosion resistance

Carbon fiber cloth was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

2. Electrochimica Acta Integrated electrochemically assisted absorbers for the removal of Carbon dioxide

39 BB carbon paper was obtained from SCI Materials Hub.

3. Journal of Hazardous Materials Chain assembly of Rhodococcus bacteria with O-doped g-C3N4 for photocatalysis mediated high-performance partial nitrification: From nitrite resource evolution to device application

Fumasep FAA-3-PK-130, diameter 30 mm, was purchased from SCI Materials Hub.

4. Nature Communications High selectivity framework polymer membranes chemically tuned towards fast anion conduction

Sustainion® X37-50 Grade RT membrane was purchased from SCI Materials Hub, and was pretreated by soaking in 1 M KOH for 24 h according to a reported procedure.